Radiator



March 13, 1934. M 1, LARSEN 1,95`1,286

RADIATOR Filed Oct. 10, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l fe? 'f jj .57 50 .77 f

March 13, 1934. M. LARSEN 1,951,286

Patented Mar. 13, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application October10,

11 Claims.

This invention relates to heating apparatus, and more particularly toheating apparatus in the form of radiators provided with gas or otherburners for heating water therein.

The invention has for one of its objects to provide a heating apparatusor radiator of the character stated which will embody a plurality ofSections each having a water chamber, a combustion chamber locatedimmediately below the water chamber and having horizontaldimensionssimilar to those of the water chamber, a flue in communicationat one end with the combustion chamber and extending circuitouslythrough -the water chamber, and a burner element associated with thecombustion chamber, to the end that all the heat generated by the burnermay be utilized for the purpose of heating the water.

The invention has for a further object to provide a radiator of thecharacter stated wherein the central section thereof will have an Outletorifice for connection with a chimney, wherein the flues of all theSections will communicate With said orifice at points remote from theirpoints of communication with combustion chambers formed in the Sections,and wherein the flues will be provided at points in their length withairrinlet openings to insure a draft through the flues.

The invention has for a further object to provide a radiator of thecharacter stated wherein the flue of each section will have anintermediate portion thereof located in the combustion chamber of thesection directly above a portion of the burner element of the section,to the end that the products ofcombustion may be maintained at hightemperature until discharged from'V the flue, and thus materially aid inutilizing Substantially all the heat generated by the burner to raisethe temperature of the water.

The invention has for a further object to provide a radiator of theCharacter stated wherein the water compartments of the respectiveSections will be in communication, and wherein the central section willbe provided with an expansion tank in communication With the waterchamber of said section and provided with a filler plug and a watergauge.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the nature of which willappear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in theconstruction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fullydescribed and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,whereinz- Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly inVertical section of a radiator constructed in accordance with myinvention, the plane of the 1931, Serial No. 568,150

section being indicated by the line 1-1 of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on a plane extending vertically andcentrally through one of the end Sections of the radiator, the plane ofthe section being indicated by the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on a plane extending vertically andcentrally through the central section of the radiator, the plane of thesection being indicated by the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on the planes indicated by the line4-4 of Figure 2;

Fgure 5 is a view in side elevation of a lower portion of one of theradiator Sections illustrating one of the air inlet openings for theflues;

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line6-6 of Figura 3, and

Figure 7 is a sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line7-7 of Figure 3.

The radiator which may be of any desired or required size, is shown forthe purpose of illustration as embodying five sections or columnsdesignated 1-5, respectively. The end Sections 1 and 5 are provided withfeet 6 and 7, respectively, to support the lower ends of the Sectionsabove the floor. The Sections 1-5 are arranged in relatively spacedrelation, and are provided with Vertical openings 8-12, in order topermit air to circulate between and through the Sections. The sectionsare Secured in assembled relation by tie rods 13 and 14.

The Sections 1, 2, 4 and 5 are similar, and each of these Sections isprovided, as best shown in Figure 2, with a water chamber 15, acombustion chamber 16 and a flue 17. The combustion chamber 16 islocated immediately below the water chamber 15, and the horizontaldimensions thereof are similar to the corresponding dimensions of thewater chamber 15. The flue 17 is of circuitous formation, and hasVertical passages 18-21 located wholly within the water chamber 15.

The flue 17 has an upper passage 22 connecting the'upper ends of thepassages 18 and 21 and located in the water chamber 15. 'I'he flue 17has a lower passage 23 connecting the lower ends of the passages 19, and21 and located within the combustion chamber 16. The flue 17 has anupper passage 24 connecting the upper ends of the passages 19 and 20.The passage 18 communicates at its lower end, as at 25, with thecombustion chamber 16 forwardly of the flue pas- Sage 23, and the upperends of the passages 19 and 20 and the passage 24 communicate with ahollow boss 26 formed on the inner` side of the radiator section. Thelower end portions of the flue passages 18-21 are each spaced from oneside Wall and from the end walls of the water Chamber 15 in order topermit the water to circulate around the same. The major portion of eachof the fiues from the upper end is of the same width as the unit inwhich it is formed, being cast with and between the side Walls thereof.The openings 8 of the radiator section are located between the fluepassages 18-21 so as to permit the heating of their walls by theproducts of combustion flowing through the fiue 17 from the combustio'nChamber 6 to the hollow outlet bosses 26.

The centrai section 3 is somewhat similar to the other sections. As bestshown in Fgure 3, this section is provided With a water Chamber 27, acombustion Chamber 28, and a flue 29. The combustion Chamber 28 islocated immediately below the water Chamber 27, and the horizontaldimensions thereof are similar to those of the water Chamber. The flue29 is of circuitous formation, and the Vertical passages 3G, 31 and 32thereof are located wholly within the water chamber 27.

The passages 30 and 31 communicate at their upper ends, and the passages31 and 32 communicate at their lower ends by way of a pas- Sage 33located within the combustion Chamber 28. The lower end of the passage30 connnunicates, as at 34, with the combustion Chamber 28 forwardly ofthe passage 33, and the upper end of the passage 32 communicates with anoutlet orfice 35 at the rear side of the section 3 and adapted tc beconnected by a pipe, not shown, tc a chimney. Two of the openings 10 ofthis section are located between the passages 30-32, and the remainingopening is located close to the passage 32 so as to permit the walis ofthe openings to be heated by the products of combustion passing throughthe flue 29. The lower portions of the passages 30-32 are spaced fromthe side and end walls of the water Chamber 27 so as to permit the Waterto circulate around the same. This section is laterally enlarged, asshown at 36, in Figure 7, in order to permit the formation of thedischarge opening 35 of a size large enough to carry the products ofcombustion to the chiinney. The flues 17 of the Sections l, 2, 4 and 5as well as the flue 29 of the section 3 communicate with the dischargeopening 35, and the communication between the flues 17 and the dschargeopening is established by the bosses 26 of the sections 1, 2, 4 and 5and hollow bosses 37 formed on the section 3 and communicating with thedischarge opening. The tie rod 14 passes through the bosses 26 and 37,and a spacing sleeve 38 surrounds this tie rod and passes through thebosses and contacts at its ends with the inner sides of the Sections 1and 5, the spacing sleeve being smaller than the bosses to permit theproducts of combustion to fiow therethrough from the fiues 17 to thedischarge opening 35.

Air inet openings 39 are formed in the upper end of the passage 32 ofthe flue 29, as shown in Figure` 3, and air inlet openings 40 are formedin certain of the flue passages 23, as best shown in Figures 5 and 6, toinsure a draft tllough the fiues. Figure 7 more clearly shows the airinlet passages 39 which, as shown in Fjgure 3, enter into the dischargeopening 35. The bottom walls, the end walls and certain of the sidewalls of the passages 23 of the fiues 17 are spaced from thecorresponding walls of the combustion chambers 16, and the bottom wall,the end walls and one side wall of the passage 33 of the flue 29 arespaced from the corresponding walls of the combustion Chamber 28, to theend that these passages may be heated to a high degree.

A water tank 41 is carried by the section 3, and is provided with acentral opening 42 with which the Outlet opening 35 of this sectioncommunicates and which is adapted to receive one end of the pipe bywhich the outlet opening is to be connected to a chimney. The upper andlower ends of the tank 41 are in communication with the water chamber 27of the section 3 by way of openings 43 and 44. The tank 41 is pro- Videdwith a filler nipple 45 closed by a screw plug 46, and it is alsoprovided with a water gauge 47. Holiow bosses 48 establish communicationbetween the lower ends of the water chambers of the sections 1-5, andhollow bosses 49 establish communication between the upper ends of thesechambers, the latter bosses being located below the normal water levelof the chambers.

Burners 50 carried by a gas distributing pipe 51 are arranged inopenings 52 formed in the bottom walls of the combustion chambers 16 and28. The burners 50 are of elongated formation and extend longitudinallyof the combustion chambers 16 and 28 with portions thereof located belowthe portions of the flue passages 23 and 33. The pipe 51 is supported bythe feet 6 and 7 which are provided with openings 53 for the receptionof the ends of the pipe. One end of the pipe 51 is closed, and the otherend thereof is provided with an air regulator 54. A regulating mechanism55 is secured, as at 55a, to the section 1. A gas supply pipe 56equipped with a cut-off Valve 56a discharges into the regulator 55, anda pipe 56h extends from the regulator to the burner pipe 51. Theregulator 55 which is of well-known construction, communi- Cates 'withthe water Chamber 15 of the section 1, and functions when the water isheated to a predetermined degree to cut-off the supply of gas to theburner pipe 51 and also functions when the temperature of the waterfalls below such degree to admit gas to the burner pipe. The normallevel of the water in the chambers 15 and 27 is at least one inch belowthe tops of the chambers, and a safety valve 555 of wellknownconstruction, which is carried by the central section 3, communicateswith the water Chamber 27 of this section at a point above such level.Hollow bosses 57 establish communication between the combustion chambers16 and 28 immediately above the burners 50. A tube 58 is carried by theouter side of the section 1 in alinement with the bosses 57, this tubeand the bosses 57 permitting the burners 50 to be lit.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, it will be understood that, When the radiator isin use, the flames of the burners 50 will impinge against the bottomwalls of the water chambers 15 and i 27 and against the bottom andcertain end and side walls of the flue passages 23 and 33, and that theproducts of combustion will flow in Circuitous paths through the waterchambers 15 and 27. Due thereto, as the water surrounds the lower endportions of the Vertical passages of the flues 17 and 29, and as theproducts of combustion are heated after passing once through and beforepassing the second time through the Water chambers 15 and 27, and alsodue to the fact that the walls of the air passages or openings 8-12 inthe sections 1-5 are heated by the products of Combuston, substantiallyall of the heat generated by the burners will be utilized in warming theroom in which the radiator is located, and a Comparatively large amountof heat will be developed from the consumption of a Comparatively smallamount of fuel.

If desired electric heaters may be substituted for the gas burners 5G.Also steam instead of hot water may be employed as the heating medium.Provision is made for the use of a safety valve of a suitable type whensteam is employed, and such valve will be engaged in the plugged openingof the section l.

While I have described the principle of the invention, together with thestructure which I now consider the preferred embodiment thereof, it isto be understood that the structure shown is merely illustrative andthat such changes may be made, when desired, as fall within the scope ofthe invention as claimed.

What is claimed is:-

1. A radiator comprising relatively fiat columns arranged in side byside spaced relation and each having a water Chamber, a CombustionChamber located below the water Chamber, and a flue communicating withthe Combustion Chamber and extending in a circuitous path through thewater Chamber, one of the Columns having a discharge opening adjacentits top and at one edge with which the fiues communicate, and heatgenerators located in the combustion Chambers.

2. A radiator comprising relatively spaced Columns each having a waterChamber, a Combustion Chamber located below the water Chamber, and aflue communicating with the Combustion Chamber and extending in acircuitous p-ath through the water Chamber and having a part thereoflocated in the combustion Chamber, one of the cclumns having a dischargeopening with which the flues communicate, and heat generators located inthe combustion chambers.

3. A radiator comprising relatively spaced columns each having a waterChamber, a Combustion Chamber located below the water Chamber and havinghorizontal dimensions similar to those of the water Chamber, and a fiuecommunicating with the combustion Chamber and extending in a Circuitonspath through the water Chamber and having a part thereof located withinthe combnstion Chamber, one of the columns having a dis- Charge openingwith which the flues Communi- Cate, and heat generators located in theCombustion chambers.

4. A radiator comprising relatively spaced columns each having a waterChamber, a Combustion Chamber located below the water Chamber and havinghorizontal dimensions similar to those of the water Chamber, and a fiueCommuni- Cating with the Combustion Chamber and extending in acircuitous path through the water chamber and having a part thereoflocated within the Combustion Chamber, parts of those portions of thefiues located in the water Chambers being spaced from the walls of suchchambers and those parts of the flues located in the combustion Chambersbeing spaced from certain walls of such chambers, one of the Columnshaving a discharge opening with which the flues communicate, and heatgenerators located in the Combustion Chambers.

5. A radiator comprising relatively spaced columns each having a waterChamber, a combustion Chamber located below the water Chamber,

and a fiue communicating with the cornbustion Chamber and extendingthrough the water chamber, one of the Columns having a discharge openingwith which the flues communicate, such column having air inlet openingsfor the flue thereof located near said discharge opening, and certain ofthe other columns having air inlet openings for the flues thereof andlocated near the inlet ends of the fiues, and heat generators located inthe Combustion chambers.

6. A radiator comprising relatively spaced columns each having a waterChamber, a combustion Chamber located below the water Chamber, and a uecommunicating with the combustion Chamber and extending through thewater Chamber, one of the columns having a discharge opening with whichthe ilue thereof communicates, means establishing Communication betweensaid last named flue and the fiues of the other Colurnns, meansestablishing Communication between the water chambers of the respectivecolumns, a water tani: secured to the column having the dischargeopening and Communicating near its upper and lower ends with the waterChamber of such Column, and heat generators located in the Combustionchambers.

7. A radiator comprising relatively spaced columns each having a waterChamber, a Combustion Chamber located below the water Chamber, and afiue Communicating with the combustion Chamber and extending through thewater chamber, one of the Columns having a discharge opening with whichthe fiue thereof communicates, means establishing communication betweensaid last named fiue and the flues of the other columns, meansestablishing communication between the water Chambers of the respectiveColumns, a water tank carried by the column having the discharge openingand communicating at its upper and lower ends with the water Chamber ofsuch column, the tank having an opening extending therethrough withwhich said Outlet opening communicates, a filler tube carried by thetank, and a water gauge carried by the tank.

8. A radiator comprising relatively spaced columns each having a waterChamber, a combustion Chamber located below the water Chamber, and aflue Communicating with the Combustion Chamber and formed to' provide aseries of passages Circuitously extending through the water Chamber, andone of the columns having a discharge opening with which the fiuesCommunicate, the Columns being provided with air openings locatedbetween the passages of the flues, and heat generators located in theCombustion charnbers.v

9. A radiator comprising relatively spaced columns each having a waterChamber, a Combustion Chamber located below the water Chamber, and afiue communicating with the combustion Chamber and extending through thewater Chamber, one of the columns having a discharge opening with whichthe fiues communicate, the combustion chambers being provided in theirlower sides with openings, burners arranged within the openings, adistributing pipe carrying the burners, means for supporting theradiator and the distributing pipe, means establishing communicationbetween the combustion chambers at points above the burners, and one ofthe colurnns being pror vided with a lighting opening located inalinement with said last means.

10. A radiator comprising a series of flat columns arranged in spacedside by side relation and interiorly formed to provide a water Chamberand a combustion chamber at the bottom of the column, means forestablishing communication between the water chambers of the columns,means for establishing communication between the combustion chambers ofthe columns, an end one of the columns having its combustion chamberopen to the atmosphere, a fiue within the water chamber of each columnhaving a series of connected Vertical passages forming a continuoustortuous passage, one of said Vertical passages at one end of thetortuous passage opening at its lower end into the combustion chamber ofthe column, means for coupling the other ends of the tortuous passagesof the columns together adjacent the top of the columns, means formingan outlet to' the atmosphere for the other end of the tortuous passageof one of the columns, the said fiue of each column being cast betweenthe side walls of the column and adjacent the bottom of said columnbeing reduced in wi th and being in spaced relation With the oppositeside wall thereof, and heating means in the coinbustion chambers of thecolumns.

11. A radiator, comprising a series of relatively fiat hollow columnsarranged in spaced side by side relation, partitioning means in thelower part of each of said columns dividing the same into a combustionchamber at the bottom and a water chamber thereabove, a fiue passage ineach column oomprising a body cast integral With the side Walls of thecolumn and adjacent the bottom of the column being reduced in width andbeing spaced from the opposite side wall, the fiue being formed toprovide a tortuous passage one end of which opens into the combustionchamber of the column, the other end of each tortuous passagecommunicating With an opening in the side wall of the column adjacentthe top of the latter, the last mentioned openings of the columns beingconnected together, a central one of said columns having an outlet fromthe said other end of its tortuous passage to the atmosphere andcomprising a cylindrical body communicating With the tortuous passageand extending beyond one edge of the column, the said cylindrical bodyforming a common Outlet for all of the passages of the columns, airinlet means for said common Outlet, and heating means in the combustionchamber of each column.

MARTIN I. LARSEN.

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